FORMULATING CRIME PREVENTION STRATEGIES FOR SEXUAL VIOLENCE COMMITTED BY OLDER PERSONS AGAINST MINORS
Keywords:
non-penal measures, child sexual violence, older persons, child protection, criminal policyAbstract
Sexual violence committed by older persons against minors is a phenomenon that has rarely received serious attention in Indonesian criminological and criminal law scholarship. This article seeks to formulate non-penal strategies for addressing such offences through normative legal research supported by a literature review. The findings indicate that the non-penal approach, as conceptualized in the criminal policy theories of Barda Nawawi Arief and G. P. Hoefnagels, is particularly relevant because it is preventive in nature and addresses the underlying causes before an offence occurs. In cases involving older offenders, those underlying factors often include cognitive decline, loneliness, and weak social supervision. On the child’s side, relevant factors include inadequate education regarding bodily boundaries and a cultural reluctance to question or report an older person, which may impede disclosure. This article formulates four pillars of a non-penal strategy: strengthening community-based supervision and spatial planning; providing families with education on children’s bodily autonomy; delivering psychosocial interventions for older persons; and optimizing the role of social institutions and community leaders. These four pillars are expected to reinforce preventive safeguards without disregarding the criminal law enforcement process, which must continue in parallel.
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